That Contribute to the Unequal Access to Health Care and Escalation of the Health Care Cost

This essay focuses on the comparing and contrasting the obligationalist, involution and symbolic interaction posture on the s advantageouslyness c ar remains in Trinidad and Tobago and its problems. Functionalists card that wellness is essential to the deliverance of the forgiving species and organized well-disposed life. One modal value societies contain the ostracize effects of wellness problems and disease is by means of institutionalizing sickness in a sick role. Conflict theorists honour that some passel achieve ruin health than others because they guard door counseling to those resources that conduct to good health and recovery should they scram ill.And fin in ally, symbolic Interactionist theorists view sickness as a condition to which we attach lovingly devised meanings. For example, an increase number of behaviors that earlier generations be as immoral or unholy ar coming to be seen as forms of sickness the aesculapianization of deviance. Th e minisattempt of health is in the business organisation of promoting wellness and ensuring the availability of quality health distri besidese to the people of Trinidad and Tobago in an afford up to(p), sustainable and equitable manner. Although some advances were made, problems and inadequacies in the preservation of health complaint persisted.In addition, the wellness atomic number 18na Reform Programme was rebeled with the start pop out of decentralizing the health services. The regime of Trinidad and Tobago grows into level the WHO expla nation of health as a state of complete physical, mental and tender well-being and non merely the absence of disease or infirmity. (WHO, 1986). Health keeping therefore, is the prevention, treatment, and man agement of illness and the preservation of mental and physical well-being with and through the services offered by the medical and ally health professions.In an attempt to address the problems the political sympathies of Trinidad and Tobago via the ministry of health implemented, the plan to decentralize the health services which was cultivated by change the policy-making, planning and management capacity of the health arna Separating the provision of services from funding and regulatory responsibilities Shifting usual expenditures and influencing the redirection of offstage expenditures to high priority problems and exist-effective solutions Establishing raw(a) administrative and employment structures, which encourage accountability, ncrease familiarity and appropriate incentives to improve productivity and faculty Educing preventable morbidity and mortality through promoting lifestyle changes and other social interventions. (Ministry of Health, 2000). Functionalism is ground around a number of samara concepts. Firstly, rules of order is viewed as a scheme a collection of interdependent parts, with a tendency toward equilibrium. Secondly, there ar functional requirements that must be met in a confederacy for its survival ( much(prenominal)(prenominal) as facts of life of the nation). Thirdly, phenomena are seen to exist because they serve a function (Holmwood, 200587).Conflict Theory states that the ships company or organization functions so that each idiosyncratic participant and its groups struggle to maximize their benefits, which of necessity conduces to social change such as changes in politics and revolutions. The essence of bout speculation is best epitomized by the unequivocal pyramid structure in which an elite dictates harm to the larger masses. All major institutions, laws, and traditions in the society are designed to apply those who have traditionally been in power, or the groups that are perceived to be prize in the society according to this theory.This potbelly alike be expanded to complicate every societys morality and by extension their exposition of deviance. Anything that challenges the control of the elite result promising be considered deviant or morally reprehensible. The theory terminate be applied on either the macro level (like the US government) or the micro level (a church organization or school club). typic Interactionism Herbert Blumer (1969), who coined the term symbolic interactionism, set out three basic premises of the perspective firstly, Human beings act toward things on the buttocks of the meanings that the things have for them.Secondly, the meaning of such things is derived from, or arises out of, the social interaction that mavin has with ones fellows. These meanings are handled in, and modified through, an interpretive work on used by the person in dealing with the things he/she encounters. Symbolic interactionism is a social constructionist approach to understanding social life that focuses on how reality is constructed by active and creative actors through their interactions with others Functionalism argues that any institution, group, or organization bear be interpreted b y smacking at its commanding and negative functions in society.The positive functions of the health bang frame are the prevention and treatment of disease. Ideally, this would mean the manner of speaking of health handle to the entire people without regard to race ethnicity, social class, gender, age or any other characteristic. tally to arson the function of the health accusation schema is to enable people to be sound enough to do all the things they need to do to keep society functioning. (Talbot Parson, 1951).For example, The Government of Trinidad and Tobago is committed to the directment of a robust, effective and accessible health give care system to go steady that its citizens enjoy long, healthy and deep lives. They will also develop programmes to identify and assess the nations health needs and further the bringing up of our medical health personnel to adequately serve the existence by focalization on disease screening and prevention, health promotion, imp roved management and access to health services. (Ministry of Finance, 2009/2010).Functionalism also emphasis the systematic style that various social institution are related to each other unitedly forming relatively stable character of society (The Health ministrys Chronic sickness Assistance Programme (CDAP)) the government is also involved in health care through institution such as University of the West Indies that funds new explore on various matters of health and health care policy). (TRHA, 2004) for congressman, the introduction of the Tobacco bid Bill is an measurable element of our public health policy.The health care system is notable for a number of negative functions some may argued that the functionalistic perspective on medicine applies only to some conditions and people. It does not address inveterate illness Those that tin to disharmony and instability of society such as the Health risk factors for our population include tobacco use, abuse of alcohol, and wan t of physical activity, inappropriate diet and fleshiness which are common to several chronic diseases.Secondly, And without the current ability to cure patients irrespective of how much they may want to keep up well or their affects may try to make them well, that out get in will not occur. Finally, health care system does not function optimally because of the profit motive(prenominal) that is sometimes at odds with the function of providing health care.For instance, some may not be able to afford the salute to get proper health care and it encourages medical professional to be in charge of treatment, leading, in that it does not back off the growing interest and knowledge of patients who wants to cook an active role with their physician in directing their own health care. The conflict perspective on health care focuses on issues involving equity and tension inside the health care system although these theories loafernot refuse that modern health care can help people in d iscovering or restoring their health.Minorities, the lower class, and the patriarchal oddly elderly woman have less access to health care since they may not be insured (Navarro 1993, 2000) nevertheless, in Trinidad and Tobago such has been eliminated in that, the construction and upgrade of base Care Facilities is another initiative aimed at improving the health delivery system and facilitating the Governments preventive and immemorial care approach to health.Today, there are 103 health centres, strategicalally located to ensure increased public access to what nowadays is an expanded range of primary care services. This also reduces the number of patients at our nations hospitals, thus securing better care services at all institutions and cost savings through more economic use of resources. To the contrary the functionalist argues that relatively greater access of the middle and top(prenominal) classes to medical care is good for society because the upper classes are more u nspoiled to society.For instance Bearing that in mind, it could be argued that since the belief class needs hard workers to bring through their tasks so that the ruling class can become richer, having healthy workers would be beneficial because if a worker is unhealthy they will not be as productive and will be able to bring up as many goods and services as a healthier worker. Symbolic interactionism take a micro look at health care rather than snap on the structure of the larger system or its interrelationships with other parts of the society.The symbolic interactionism holds that illness is partly socially constructed. The definition of illness and wellness are culturally relative. Sickness in one finis may be wellness in another. It is time dependent as well. in addition health care system itself has a socially constructed aspect. The way we behave towards the ill, towards the doctor and towards innovating ventures such as HMO are all social creatures.For instance, Symbolic interactionism has a concept by Calvin Cooley referred to as the feeling Glass Self, we see ourselves in terms of how we are viewed in society. If society views us as ill generally mentally but also physically we may come to perceive ourselves that way and behave accordingly. A person with a physical handicap may come to view themselves as flawed or defective and will behave that way. A person with a mental illness will act the way a person with mental illness s supposed to act. (Kendall, 2007). bolshy perspective it ensures that population remains healthy enough to contribute to the economic system, by working in offices and factories to produce profit for the ruling class. (Haralambos and Holborn, 2000, 295). Marxist theory of dialectic materialism, which explains the struggle of opposites, could have been used to explain the struggle of people to reverse the trend of not been able to afford quality health (Haralambos and Holborn, 2000,945).One can also draw on the hypothetic discussion on social interaction, particularly as it relates to historical events that facilitate this interaction. From a symbolic interactionist perspective we might look at the meanings of work that members of society learn. (Understanding accessible Problems, 2009, 258). The concept developed by (Durkheim, 1893) that social solidarity within a culture as one of its most critical features in terms of health and social glueyness will explain why it is important to health and the people of Trinidad and Tobago.Durkheim further argued that individuals and groups that were well integrated into society were less credibly to take their own lives than others. The citizenry of the res publica of Trinidad and Tobago have had their share of trials with the public health system such as the shortfall of nurses, lack of equipment and delivery of medical services, overcrowding and the likes, these things are soon a thing of the past.The government of the republic of Trinidad and Tobago has implemented the health sector reform policy and as well as the transformational plan, which would enable them to foster a healthy and productive population through preventive care to create and maintain a first class health care delivery system and to develop and manage a comprehensive customer based public health system. These strategic objectives in the transformational plan have been sedulous and thus the institutional changes resulted in the innovation of the 811 number for the national emergency ambulance service.The cabinet appointed technical advisory citizens committee for chronic non- communicable disease, the development of infection prevention and control polices and guidelines to reduce the incidence of health care associated infections, the patients safety programme, the death penalty of a clinical management system, electronic health records and laboratory information systems for human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS as well as the ministry of health has intensifie d its efforts by increasing the number of trained nurses to 1,510 to fill care for vacancies in our health nstitution by 2012-2015. (Narace, 2009),. They are too numerous to mention all, but it is still an on-going process to develop and effectual and equitable health sector for the citizenry.